Infographics are visual elements such as signs, charts, maps, or diagrams that aid comprehension of a given text-based content. You see them everyday and possibly interact with them in the way of subway maps, crosswalk and bathroom signs, and website navigational icons.

Why are infographics useful? A picture is worth a thousand words! Infographics are a useful way to present and communicate large amounts of information in a condensed space. A successful infographic helps a viewer understand a complex issue.

1. Why Should an Infographic Be Created?

Defining the goal of the infographic is the first question that needs to be answered. Is it for data collecting, research or simple discovery? When this question is answered, you can then begin to collect and find the most relevant data. When the data is refined and collected, you then need to find the most effective visual metaphor.

2. Elements

The data or knowledge that the infographic presents is the main element. Secondary elements would be a key which can define the visual elements. Sometimes a scale is used to show relation or reference and also labels for clarification.

Typography is an extremely important element in any design project, and when used correctly it can convey feelings of emotion and emphasize objectives within the layout. If an infographic is about street art in the 21st century, maybe it would be wise to use a font that has a bit of that ‘street art’ attitude and is not a sans-serif font such as Helvetica.

Color and contrast help to show emphasis on what is important. Saturation can be added on points that need the most attention drawn to them, while more subtle color can be used in less points of interest. Color is quicker to process than shape, so highlight what is important.

“Paper Trail” by Hannah Fairfield (data from 2005, World Resources INstitute, UN) – Multivariate scatterplot. (Paper consumption per capita x GDP per capita, with total paper consumption and change in paper consumption.)

“The Largest Bankruptcies in History.”  A collaboration between GOOD and Always With Honor.

“Who is Coming to America?” A collaboration between GOOD and Timko & Klick.

3. Keep it Simple

Eliminating any elements that do not contribute to showing off the relevant data can sometimes be the best idea and helps to solidify and condense the infographic’s initial appeal and/or ability to communicate. Use simple diagrams that respect precision, accuracy and proportion. What is the nature of the data? If the goal of the graphic is to represent change, show change. If the goal is to facilitate comparison, display a comparison, don’t do a map.

Infographics have been around for ages. Some maps were being created before a written language was even considered. Infographics can help communicate your data effectively and spark further interest in specific knowledge, and with their current rise in popularity, they can make a viral concept even more successful. The key is to create something visually interesting and well designed. Successfully composing an effective infographic is an art form and requires design principles as well as research and data skills.

Based on your personal experience with infographics, what strikes you immediately about successful graphics? Why do you like some as opposed to other styles?